بسم الله والحمد لله والصلاة والسلام على رسول الله
Maut ke bad Ukhrawi (akhirat wali) zindagi shuru hoti hai jiski shuruat Qabr se hoti hai. Ahle Sunnat wal jamat ka ye ittifaqi aqeeda hai ki marne ke bad har ek ko zindagi hasil hoti hai.
Ye alag bat hai ki darjat ke etbar se haalaat alag-alag hote hain. Ye zindagi Ambiya kiram (AS) aur shahidon ke sath khas nahin hai. Albatta Ambiya wa shahidon ki zindagi afzal-tareen aur Kuffar ki bad-tareen hoti hai. Bahar hal, ye zindagi Ukhrawi hoti hai, Dunyawi nahin.
Is mamle me ek giroh ne Qabr ki zindagi ka sire se inkar he kar diya to dusre ne maut ke bad kisi khas hasti ya hasityon ki zindagi ka aqeeda gadh liya, wo bhi use duniyawi zindagi ki tarah tasleem karke, jabke baqi logon ki qabr ki zindagi ka sire se inkar kar diya.
Is mazmoon me hum Qabr me Nabi ﷺ ki hayat par Sahih ahadees, Sahaba Kiram (RA) ka aqeeda aur ahle ilm ki tasreehat dekhenge. In sha Allah.
Aaqa ﷺ Ki Wafat Par Qur’an ki Gawahi
Is bat me koi shak-o-shubah nahin hai ki Nabi Kareem ﷺ duniya ki zindagi guzaar kar wafat pa chuke hain.
❂ Irshad-e-Bari ta’ala hai:
وَ مَا جَعَلْنَا لِبَشَرٍ مِّنْ قَبْلِكَ الْخُلْدَ ؕ اَفَاۡىِٕنْ مِّتَّ فَهُمُ الْخٰلِدُوْنَ، كُلُّ نَفْسٍ ذَآىِٕقَةُ الْمَوْتِ ؕ وَ نَبْلُوْكُمْ بِالشَّرِّ وَ الْخَیْرِ فِتْنَةً ؕ وَ اِلَیْنَا تُرْجَعُوْنَ.
“(Aye Nabi!) Humne aapse pehle kisi insan ko hameshgi nahin bakhshi, to kya agar aap faut ho jayen, to ye log hamesha rahne wale hain? Har jan ko maut ka maza chakhna hai aur hum tumhe burai aur bhalaai me azmaish ke liye mubtila karte hain aur tum hamari taraf lautaye jaoge.” (Surah Ambiya, 21: 34-35)
Sunni mufassir Imam Ibn Jarir Tabari (rh) (310 AH) farmate hain:
Allah Rabbul ‘izzat apne Nabi Muhammad ﷺ se farmata hai: Aye Muhammad ﷺ! Aap se pehle hum ne is duniya me kisi Adam ke bete ko hamesha ki zindagi nahin di ki aapko hamesha zinda rakhen. Zaroor aap bhi faut honge, jis tarah aapse pehle hamare Rasool faut hue.” (Tafseer Tabari: 17/24)
❂ Allah Ta’ala ka farman hai:
إِنَّكَ مَيِّتٌ وَإِنَّهُم مَيِّتونَ
“Beshak (Aye Nabi ﷺ) aap wafat pane wale hain aur ye log bhi marne wale hain.” (Surah Az-Zumar, 39:30)
Sunni mufassir Hafiz Ibn Kaseer (rh) (774 AH) farmate hain:
Ye ayat un ayato me se hai, jinhe Abu Bakr (RA) ne Rasoolullah ﷺ ki wafat ke waqt bataur daleel pesh kiya tha. Is ayat se logon ne Nabi Kareem ﷺ ki wafat ka yaqeen kar liya. Mazkoora ayat ke sath ye ayat bhi unki daleel thi: “Muhammad ﷺ rasool hain, unse pehle bhi bahot se rasool guzar chuke hain. Pas agar wo wafat paa jayen ya unhe shaheed kar diya jaye, to tum Islam se phir jaoge? (Ali-Imran: 144). Is ayat ka mafhoom ye hai ke sab log duniya se zaroor bil zaroor jane wale hain aur akhirat me Allah Rabbul ‘Izzat ke pas jama hone wale hain. (Tafsir Ibn Kaseer: 6/488)
Sahaba (RA) Ki Gawahi
❖ Hazrat Abdullah ibn Umar (RA) Ke Mutabiq
Sayyidna Abdullah ibn Umar (RA) bayan karte hain:
Nabi kareem ﷺ ne apni zindagi ke akhiri hisse me namaz padhai. (Sahih Bukhari H# 116, Sahih Muslim H# 2537)
Is hadees ke alfaz bata rahe hain ki sahaba kiram (RA) ke nazdeek Nabi kareem ﷺ ki duniyawi zindagi khatm ho chuki hai, isi liye wo Nabi kareem ke zindagi ke akhiri hisse ki bat karte hain.
❖ Ummul Momineen Ayesha (RA) Ke Mutabiq
Sayyida Ayesha (RA) farmati hain:
Main Aap ﷺ ko sunti thi ki koi Nabi (AS) wafat nahin pata yahan tak ki usko duniya aur akhirat ke darmiyan ikhtiyar de diya jata hai. (Sahih Bukhari H# 4435, Sahih Muslim H# 2444)
Ek aur riwayat me hai ki Sayyida Ayesha (RA) Nabi kareem ﷺ ki wafat ka zikr karte hue farmati hain:
Nabi kareem ﷺ ke hath mubarak se miswak chhoot gayi. Youn Allah ta’ala ne mere aur Nabi kareem ﷺ ke loab dehan (saliva) ko (Miswak ke zariye) ek sath jama kar diya. Ye aap ﷺ ki duniyawi zindagi ka akhiri aur Akhirat ki zindagi ka pahla din tha.” (Sahih Bukhari H# 4451)
Sayyida Ayesha (RA) ke is farman se wazeh hota hai ke maut ke bad Akhirat ki zindagi shuru hoti hai.
❖ Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) Ke Mutabiq
Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) ne farmaya:
Sun lo! Jo shakhhs Muhammad ﷺ ki ibadat karta tha to beshak Muhammad ﷺ wafat pa chuke hain. (Sahih Bukhari H# 3668)
Is mauqe par Abu Bakr (RA) ne (Surah Ali Imran, 144) wali ayat tilawat farmayi thi. Unse ye ayat sun kar (tamam) Sahaba kiram ne ye ayat padhni shuru ki. (Sahih Bukhari H# 1241, 1242)
Hazrat Umar (RA) ne bhi ise tasleem kar liya. (Sahih Bukhari H# 4454)
❖ Hazrat Abu Huraira (RA) Ke Mutabiq
Sayyidna Abu Huraira (RA) apni namaz ke bare me farmate the:
Aap ﷺ ki yahi namaz thi hatta ki Aap ﷺ duniya se chale gaye. (Sahih Bukhari H# 803)
Ek doosri riwayat me hai ki Sayyidna Abu Huraira (RA) ne Nabi Kareem ﷺ ke bare me farmaya:
Hatta ki Aap ﷺ duniya se chale gaye. (Sahih Muslim H# 7458)
Is tarah kai aur misaalen maujood hain. Maloom hua ki is par Sahaba kiram ka ijma hai ki Nabi Kareem ﷺ ki wafat ho gayi hai.
Duniyawi Zindagi Poori Hone Ke Bad Jannat Me
Isme koi shak nahin ke wafat ke bad, Nabi Kareem ﷺ jannat me zinda hain. Hazrat Samura bin Jundub (RA) ki bayan ki gayi hadees me aya hai ke farishton (Jibreel aur Mikail Alaihimus Salam) ne Nabi Kareem ﷺ se farmaya: Beshak Aap ki umr baqi hai jise aapne (ab tak) poora nahin kiya. Jab Aap ye umr poori kar lenge to apne (jannati) mahal me aa jayenge.” (Sahih Bukhari H# 1386)
Maaloom hua ki Aap ﷺ duniya ki umr guzaar kar jannat me apne mahal me pahunch gaye hain.
Shahidon ke bare me Pyare Rasool ﷺ farmate hain:
“Unki roohen hare (green) parindon ke pet me hoti hain. Unke liye arsh ke niche qandeele latki hui hain. Woh (roohen) jannat me jahan chahen sair karti hain phir wapas un qandeelon me pahunch jati hain.” (Sahih Muslim 121/887, Darus Salam H# 4885)
Jab shuhada kiram ki roohen jannat me hain to Ambiya (AS) unse badrja-ala jannat ke afzal tareen maqamat aur mahalat me hain. Shuhada ki ye hayaat Jannati, Ukhrawi aur Barzakhi hai, isi tarah Ambiya Kiram (AS) ki ye hayat Jannati, Ukhrawi aur Barzakhi hai.
Kya Ambiya Apni Qabron Me Namaze Padh Rahe Hain?
“Hayat-un-Nabi” ﷺ aqeeda ke silsile me bataur daleel ambiya ke qabron me namaz padhne wali hadees ko pesh kiya jata hai. Un logon ne ye samajh liya hai ki namaz choonke duniya me padhi jati hai, lihaza Ambiya qabron me namaz padhte hain, to unhe qabron me duniyawi ya duniya ki tarah zindagi hasil hai.
Riwayat kuch is tarah hai:
اَلْأَنْبِيَاءُ أَحْيَاءٌ فِيْ قُبُوْرِهِمْ يُصَلُّوْنَ
“Ambiya apni qabron me zinda hain aur namaz padh rahe hain.” (Musnad Abu Yala H# 3425; Hayat-ul-Ambiya lil Baihaqi H# 1)
Iski sanad zaeef hai.
① Al Hajjaj bin-al-Aswad majhool (unknown) hai.
② Al Hajjaj bin-al-Aswad aur Al Hajjaj-al-Aswad me farq hai.
Al Hajjaj-al-Aswad se murad Al Hajjaj bin Abi Ziyad-al-Aswad Qasmali hai, jo ki siqa hai. Jabki Al Hajjaj bin-al-Aswad majhool hai, use Ibne Abi Ziyad-al-Qasmali qarar dena durust nahin. Is hadees me Al Hajjaj ke shagird Mustalim bin Saeed hain, jo ki Al Hajjaj bin-al-Aswad ke shagird hain. Kisi ne bhi Al Hajjaj bin Abi Ziyad ke shagirdon me Mustalim bin Saeed ko Zikr nahin kiya.
➤ Agar qabr me namaz padhne se Duniyawi ya duniya jaisi zindagi sabit hoti hai, to phir un logo ko chahiye ki “Hayat-un-Nabi ﷺ” ke bajaye “Hayat-ul-Momineen” ka aqeeda rakhe, kyonki aam momin ka bhi qabr me namaz padhna sabit hai.
Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Qabr me farishte jab momin se bat cheet kar rahe honge to wo baith jayega. Use sooraj ghuroob hota dikhai dega. Usse kaha jayega: Us admi ke bare me bataiye jo aap me mab’oos hue the (yani nabi bana kar bheje gaye the). Aap unke bare me kya kahte hain aur kya gawahi dete hain? Us par Momin kahega: Mujhe chhodo, main asr ki namaz padh loon. Farishte kahenge: Aap namaz bhi padh lenge, magar pahle hume us sawal ka jawab den jo hum aapse kar rahe hain. (Sahih Ibne Hibban H# 3113; Mustadrak lil Hakim: 1/379-380)
✓ Imam Hakim (rh) ne is hadees ko “Imam Muslim (rh) ki shart par Sahih” kaha hai aur Hafiz Zahabi (rh) ne unki muwafiqat ki hai.
✓ Allama Haisami (rh) ne iski sanad ko “hasan” kaha hai. (Majma uz-Zawaaid: 3/51-52)
To kya ab momino ke liye bhi duniyawi ya misl-e-duniyawi zindagi mani jayegi?
Ahle Ilm Aur Aqeeda Hayat-un-Nabi ﷺ
Ahle ilm ne ye bat badi wazahat se bayan kardi hai ke barzakhi (qabr ki) zindagi ek mustaqil aur alag zindagi hai. Ye duniyawi ya duniya ki tarah hargiz nahin. Aiye hum chand ahle ilm ke nazariye dekhte hain:
Imam Baihaqi (rh) Ke Mutabiq
“Pus wo (Ambiya Alaihimus Salam) apne Rab ke pas, shuhada ki tarah zinda hain.” (Hayat al-Anbiya lil Bayhaqi, pg 20)
Ye bat aam sahihul aqeeda aadmi ko bhi maloom hai ke shuhada ki zindagi Ukhrawi aur Barzakhi hai, Duniyawi nahin hai.
Hafiz Zahabi (rh) (748 AH) Ke Mutabiq
“Aur Aap ﷺ apni qabr me barzakhi taur par zinda hain.” (Siyar A’lam an-Nubala 9/161)
Hafiz Ibn Hajar (rh) (852 AH) Ke Mutabiq
“Beshak Aap ﷺ apni wafat ke bad agarche zinda hain, lekin ye ukhrawi zindagi hai jo duniyawi zindagi ki tarah nahin hai. Wallahu A’lam.” (Fathul Bari, 7/ 349, Tahat H# 4042)
Hafiz Ibne Abdul Hadi (rh) (744 AH) Ke Mutabiq
“Maut aur barzakhi zindgi ek hi cheez ke 2 nam hain. Maut ki kuch qisme aisi hain, jo zindagi ke khilaf nahin, jaisa ke Nabi-e-Kareem ﷺ se sahih hadees me sabit hai. Jab Aap ﷺ neend se bedar hote, to ye dua padhte: “Har qism ki tareef us zat ke liye hai, jisne humko maut ke bad zindagi bakhshi hai, usi ki taraf hum ko laut kar jana hai”.” (As Sarimul Munki Fir Radd Alas-Subki: Pg 223)
Khulasa
Is poori tahqeeq ka khulasa ye hai ki Nabi Kareem ﷺ wafat pa chuke hain. Wafat ke bad Aap ﷺ jannat me zinda hain. Aap ﷺ ki ye zindagi Ukhrawi hai jise Barzakhi zindagi bhi kaha jata hai. Ye zindagi Duniyawi ya duniya jaisi zindagi nahin hai.
Ye mazmoon Muhaddis Zubair Alizai (rh) ki kitab ‘Tahqeeqi, Islahi Aur Ilmi Maqalat’ Jild 1 (pgs 19-26) aur Muhaddis Ghulam Mustafa Zaheer (hz) ki Kitab, ‘Meezanul Etiqad’ (pgs 466-498) ka ikhtisar hai.