Kya Nabi ﷺ Har Qabr Me Hazir Hote Hain?
بسم الله والحمد لله والصلاة والسلام على رسول الله
Qabr me har murde se 3 sawalat hona zaruri hai. Ek sawal ye hota hai ki ‘Us shakhs ke bare me apka kya khyal tha?’ Is sawal ki bina par kuch logon ne istedlal kiya ki Nabi-e-Akram ﷺ Ki Qabr Me Haziri hoti hai jinki taraf ishara karke ye sawal kiya jata hai.
Salafus Saliheen me is bare me koi ikhtelaf nahin tha ki Nabi-e-Kareem ﷺ qabr me maiyyat ke pas hazir nahin hote. Ye mughalta arabi lughat aur ahadees se na-waqfiyat ka natija hai. Is maane par dalalat karne wali koi Saheeh ya Zaeef hadees zakheera-e-hadees me maujood nahin.
Is Istedlal Ki Buniyad Kya Hai?
Qabr me maiyyat se 3 sawalat poochhe jate hain, jinme se ek ye hai:
مَا كُنْتَ تَقُوْلُ فِيْ هٰذَا الْرَّجُلِ … ؟
“Us shakhs ke bare me apka kya khyal tha?” (Saheeh Bukhari H# 1374)
Yahan se baz ne istedlal kiya hai ke lafz “هٰذَا”ishara qareeb ke liye ata hai. Jisse maloom hota hai ke Nabi-e-Akram ﷺ qabr me har maiyyat ke pas hazir hote hain.
Halanki ye istedlal wazeh ghalati hai. Lughat-e-arab me beesiyon aisi misaalen maujood hain, jahan “هٰذَا” ishara baeed (door) ke liye istemal hua hai.
Saheeh Ahadees Se Kuch Misaalen
❶ Sayyidna Abdullah bin Abbas (RA) bayan karte hain ke jab Sayyidna Abu Zarr (RA) ko Nabi-e-Akram ﷺ ki besat ki khabar pahonchi to unhone apne bhai se kaha:
اِرْكَبْ إِلٰى هٰذَا الْوَادِيْ فَاعْلَمْ لِيْ عِلْمَ هٰذَا الْرَّجُلِ الَّذِيْ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ
Aap Makkah ja kar us shakhs ka hal maloom karen jo Nabi hone ka dawedar hai. (Saheeh Bukhari H# 3861; Saheeh Muslim H# 2474)
Is hadees me Sayyidna Abu Zarr Ghifari (RA) Makkah ko “هٰذَا الْوَادِ” (Ye waadi) aur Nabi-e-Akram ﷺ ko “هٰذَا الْرَّجُلُ” (Ye Shakhs) ke alfaz ke sath tabeer kar rahe hain.
Qabila-e- Ghifar aur Makkah me itna farq to hai ke use qareeb nahin kaha ja sakta! Kaheen youn to nahin Makkah khud Sayyidna Abu Zar Ghifari (RA) ke yahan hazir tha? Ya aisa tha ki Nabi-e-Akram ﷺ to hazir-o-nazir the, lekin Abu Zar (RA) unki khabar lene apne bhai ko Makkah bhej rahe the?
❷ Sayyidna Amr bin Salama (RA) bayan karte hain:
كُنَّا بِمَاءٍ مَمَرَّ الْنَّاسِ، وَكَانَ يَمُرُّ بِنَاالْرُّكْبَانُ فَنَسْأَلُهُمْ: مَا لِلْنَّاسِ، مَا لِلْنَّاسِ؟ مَا هٰذَا الْرَّجُلُ؟ فَيَقُوْلُوْنَ: يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ اللهَ أَرْسَلَهُ، أُوْحِيَ إِلَيْهِ، أَوْ: أَوْحَى اللهُ بِكَذَا.
Hum ek shah raah aur chashme (fountain) ke pas rahte the. Humare pas se qafile guzarte, hum unse logon ki khairiyat poochha karte aur poochte, wo admi kaisa hai? Log jawab dete ke wo dawa karta hai ki Allah Ta’ala ne use bheja hai, uski taraf ye wahee ki hai. (Saheeh Bukhari H# 4302)
Sayyidna Amr bin Salama (RA) waghaira qafilon se Nabi ﷺ ke mutalliq “هٰذَا الْرَّجُلُ” ke alfaz istemal karke poochhte the, kya Nabi-e-Akram ﷺ wahan hazir the?
❸ Hiraql ne Sayyidna Abu Sufiyan (RA) aur Kuffar-e-Quraish se Nabi-e-Pak ﷺ ke bare me poochha:
أَيُّّّكُمْ أَقْرَبُ نَسَبًا بِهَذَا الْرَّجُلِ الَّذِيْ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ؟ … إِنِّيْ سَائِلٌ هٰذَا عَنْ هٰذَا الْرَّجُلِ
Us nubuwwat ke daawedar ka nasabi rishtedar kaun hai? … main us admi ke mutalliq sawal-jawab karna chahta hoon. (Saheeh Bukhari H# 7; Saheeh Muslim H# 1773)
Yahan bhi Hiraql (Hercules) ne Nabi ﷺ ke mutalliq “هٰذَا الْرَّجُلُ” ke alfaz istemal karke poochha jabki wo khud Rome me baitha tha.
In kuch ahadees se ye to sabit ho gaya ki “هٰذَا” ghair hazir ke liye bhi istemal kiya jata hai.
Saheeh Ahadees Ki Tashreeh Saheeh Ahadees Se
Ab aiye kuch aur Saheeh ahadees dekhte hain jinse batil ki ‘La-ilmi’ khul kar samne aa jati hai aur ye wazeh ho jata hai ki khud Nabi ﷺ hazir nahin hote.
Daleel Number ①
Maiyyat se poochha jata hai:
مَا كُنْتَ تَقُوْلُ فِيْ هٰذَا الْرَّجُلِ لِمُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم، فَأَمَّا الْمُؤْمِنُ، فَيَقُوْلُ: أَشْهَدُ أَنَّهُ عَبْدُ اللهِ وَرَسُوْلُه
Us shakhs, yani Muhammad ﷺ ke bare me aapka aqeeda kya tha? Momin kahta hai ke main gawahi deta hoon ki wo Allah ke bande aur rasool hain. (Saheeh Bukhari H# 1374)
Is hadees me “هٰذَا الْرَّجُلِ” ki wazahat Muhammad ﷺ ka nam le kar kar di gayi hai. Agar Aap ﷺ wahan hazir hote hain to phir is wazahat ki kya zaroorat?
Daleel Number ②
Sayyida Ayesha Siddiqa (RA) bayan karti hain:
يُقَالُ: مَا هٰذَا الْرَّجُلُ الَّذِيْ كَانَ فِيْكُمْ؟ فَيَقُوْلُ: مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم، جَاءَ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، فَصَدَّقْنَاهُ
Qabr me kaha jayega: Wo shakhs kaun tha, jo tum me mab’oos hua? Momin kahega: Wo Muhammadur Rasoolullah ﷺ the, jo humare pas Allah Azz wa Jall ki taraf se wazeh ayat le kar aye the, humne unki tasdeeq ki thi. (Musnad Ahmad: 6/140)
“هٰذَا” haqeeqat me hazir-qareeb ke liye ata hai, majazan ghair-hazir ke liye istemal ho, to qareena zaroori hai. To is hadees me wazeh aur sareeh qareena maujood hai ki Nabi ﷺ ke mutalliq qabr me maiyyat se sirf poochha jata hai, aap ﷺ qabr me dikhai nahin dete hain.
Daleel Number ③
Asma bint Abi Bakr (RA) bayan karti hain ki Nabi ﷺ ne farmaya ki maiyyat se kaha jata hai:
مَاذَا تَقُوْلُ فِيْ هٰذَا الْرَّجُلِ، يَعْنِى الْنَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم؟ قَالَ: مَنْ؟
Us shakhs, yani Nabi-e-Akram ﷺ ke bare me kya kahte ho? Kafir-o-fasiq kahta hai: Kaun? (Musnad Ahmad: 6/352)
֎ Isi riwayat ke alfaz hain ki maiyyat se kaha jata hai:
مَاذَا تَقُوْلُ فِيْ هٰذَا الْرَّجُلِ؟ قَالَ: أَيُّ رَجُلٍ؟ قَالَ: مُحَمَّدٌ
Us shakhs ke mutalliq tumhara aqeeda kya tha? Wo kahta hai: Kaun shakhs? Farishta kahta hai: Muhammad ﷺ. (Musnad Ahmad: 6/353; Al Moajam-ul-Kabeer Tabarani: 24/125)
Zahir hai ki Nabi-e-Akram ﷺ qabr me sawal ke waqt hazir nahin hote hain. Warna “مَنْ”aur “أَيُّ رَجُلٍ” ke kya maane?
Daleel Number ④
Abu Huraira (RA) bayan karte hain ki Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaya: Maiyyat se kaha jata hai:
أَرَأَيْتَكَ هٰذَا الْرَّجُلَ الَّذِيْ كَانَ فِيْكُمْ مَاذَا تَقُوْلُ فِيْهِ؟ وَمَاذَا تَشَهَّدُ بِهِ عَلَيْهِ؟ فَيَقُوْلُ: أَيُّ رَجُلٍ؟ فَيُقَالُ: الَّذِيْ كَانَ فِيْكُمْ، فَلَا يَهْتَدِيْ لِاسْمِهِ حَتّٰى يُقَالَ لَهُ: مُحَمَّدٌ
Us shakhs ke bare me kya khayal hai, jo aap me mab’oos hua tha? uske bare me kya kahte ho, aur kya gawahi dete ho? Wo kahega: Kaun? Usse kaha jayega: Wo jo aap me mab’oos hua tha. Wo unka nam nahin jan payega, yahan tak ki usse kaha jayega: Muhammad ﷺ….. (Saheeh Ibne Hibban H# 3113; Al Ausat lit Tabarani: H# 2630; Al Mustadrak lil Hakim: 1/379)
Ise Imam Ibne Hibban (rh) (H# 3113) ne “saheeh” aur Imam Hakim (rh) (1/380) ne Imam Muslim ki shart par “saheeh” kaha hai. Hafiz Zahabi (rh) ne muwafiqat ki hai.
Hafiz Haisami (rh) farmate hain ki Iski sanad hasan hai. (Majmua az Zawaed: 3/51-52)
Is hadees ne roz-e-raushan ki tarah wazeh kar diya hai ki Nabi-e-Akram ﷺ ke mutalliq qabr me sirf poochha jata hai, Aap ﷺ qabr me maujood nahin hote.
❖ Allama Ahmad Qastalani (rh) “هٰذَا الْرَّجُلُ” ki tashreeh me bayan karte hain:
Nabi-e-Akram ﷺ ko “هٰذَا الْرَّجُلُ” se maiyyat ke imtehan ke liye tabeer kiya gaya hai, taki farishte ke kahne se wo Aap ﷺ ki tazeem samajh na paye. Ek nazariya ye bhi hai ki maiyyat se parda hata diya jata hai, aur wo Nabi-e-Akram ﷺ ko dekh leti hai. Agar ye bat durust ho, to momin ke liye bahot badi basharat hai, lekin hum us bare me ek bhi saheeh hadees nahin jante. Unka istedlal sirf ism-e-ishara se hai, ke “هٰذَا” hazir ke liye istemal hota hai. Halanki ye bhi ehtemal hai ke ishara us cheez ki taraf ho jo zahen me maujood hai. Chunache use majaz kahenge. (Sharah Qastalani: 2/464; Tohfatul Ahwazi lil Mubarakpuri: 4/155)
❖ Hafiz Suyooti (rh) (d 911 AH) farmate hain:
Ibne Hajar (rh) se sawal kiya gaya ki kya maiyyat se parda hata diya jata hai aur wo Nabi ﷺ ko dekh leti hai? Aapne jawab diya ki us bare me koi hadees warid nahin hui, balke ye chand na-qabil-e-etebar logon ka be-daleel dawa hai. Unki daleel sirf ye hai ki hadees me “هٰذَا الْرَّجُلِ” aya hai, lekin ye daleel nahin, kyonki yahan ishara us cheez ki taraf hai jo zahen me hazir hai. (Sharah us Sudoor: Pg 60)
Sabit hua ke “هٰذَا الْرَّجُلُ” se ye istedlal pakadna ki maiyyat ko qabr me Nabi-e-Kareem ﷺ ki ziyarat karai jati hai, sareeh khata hai.
Baz Ulama Ki Khata
֎ Allama Zakariyya Deobandi Sahab (Fazaile Amal wale) likhte hain: “Marne ke bad qabr me sab se pahla Sayyadul-Kaunain ﷺ ki ziyarat hogi”. (Dadhi Ka Wujoob: Pg 9)
֎ Allama Yaqoob Nanotwi Deobandi Sahab kahte hain: “Bajaye humare janaze par tashreef lane ke, huzoor qabr me hi tashreef layenge”. (Qisas-ul-Akabir az Ashraf Ali Thanwi: Pg 188)
❖ Allama Anwar Shah Kashmiri Sahab ne baharhal unka radd kiya hai:
Yahan ahd “عَهْدُ”ke maane hi kafi hai, mushahida par koi daleel nahi. (Al Urf us Shazi: 2/450)
Baqaul-e-Shah Sahab, Zakariyya Sahab aur Nanotwi Sahab ki bat be-daleel hai.
❖ Allama Sindhi Hanafi (rh) “هٰذَا الْرَّجُلُ”ke tahat farmate hain:
Yani wo admi jo aap ke yahan mash-hoor tha, usse (Nabi-e-Akram ﷺ ka qabr me) hazir hona lazim nahin ata. Aap ﷺ ka nam na lena is liye hai ke tazeem zahir na ho aur ye talqeen na ban jaye, imtehan ke munasib yahi bat hai. (Hashiya as Sindhi Ala Sunan Ibne Majah: tahat H# 4258; Hashiya as Sindhi Ala an Nasaai: 4/97 tahat H# 2052)
Ek Zabardast Daleel
Sayyidna Abu Huraira (RA) bayan karte hain ke ek kale rang ki aurat masjid me jhadu deti thi. Nabi-e-Akram ﷺ ne use ghair-hazir paya to uske bare me poochha, Sahaba (RA) ne arz kiya, wo faut ho gayi hai, to Aap ﷺ ne farmaya:
Aap ne mujhe ittela kyon nahin di? (Goya unhone uske mamle ko mamooli samjha.) Aap ﷺ ne farmaya, mujhe uski qabr ki rehnumai karen, Sahaba ne uski qabr ki rehnumai ki, to Aap ﷺ ne us par namaz-e-janaza padhi. (Saheeh Bukhari H# 1337; Saheeh Muslim H# 956 wal lafza lahu)
Agar Nabi-e-Akram ﷺ har maiyyat ki qabr me ba-waqt-e-sawal hazir hote hain, to Aap ﷺ ko us aurat ke faut hone ki ittela kyon nahi ho payi?
Khulasa
Nabi-e-Akram ﷺ waqt-e-swal-e-qabr me hazir nahin hote. Jin logon ne ye aqeeda gadha, wo log na sirf Arabi lughat balki ahadees ke zakheere se bhi na-waqif the.
Jazakallahu Khair.
Ye mazmoon Muhaddis Ghulam Mustafa Zaheer (hz) ki kitab ‘Bid’at, Sunnat ke Meezan par’ ke mazmoon ‘Nabi-e-Akram ﷺ Ki Qabr Me Haziri’ (pgs 169-177) se liya gaya hai.