﷽
इस मज़मून को हिंदी में पढ़ने के लिए यहाँ क्लिक करें.
Witr ka lafzi maana hota hai taaq (odd, jaise 1,3,5,7…). Allah ko Witr bahut pasand hai aur kai amal me taaq ko pasand kiya hai. Jaise paanch farz namaze, wuzu me zyada se zyada teen bar dhona, khana Kaaba ke tawaf me sat chakkar waghairah. Isi tarah Allah ne Witr ke nam se ek namaz hi jari farma di jo ki ek bahut aham namaz hai.
Is mazmoon me hum Ahle Sunnat Wal Jama’at ki taleemat ke mutabiq Witr ki namaz ka waqt, Witr Namaz Ka Tarika ke bare me janenge. Sath hi ye bhi dekhenge ki Witr ki namaz me kitni rak’ate hoti hain, usme kin-kin surah ko padhna masnoon hai aur Witr ki dua kya hai.
Namaze Witr Ka Waqt Kya Hai?
Hamare yaha aksar log ye samajhte hain ki Witr, Isha ki namaz ka hissa hai, kyunki Isha ki farz aur sunnato ke baad hi Witr ko padha jata hai. Haqiqat ye hai ki Witr ek alag namaz hai jiska waqt Isha ke bad se shuru hota hai aur Fajr ke shuru hone tak rahta hai. Is bare me dalile mulahiza hon.
◉ Ummul Momineen Aisha (RA) ne farmaya ki Rasoolullah ﷺ ne Witr rat ke har hisse me padhi hai, rat ke shuru me, beech me, aur akhir me, har waqt ada ki hain. (Muslim H# 1737)
◉ Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaya ki “Jise dar ho ki woh rat ke akhri hisse me nahi uthega to woh rat ke shuru me hi Witr padh le phir so jaye. Aur jisko yaqeen ho ki rat ko uthega, woh akhir me Witr padhe. Isliye ki akhir rat ki qirat me farishte hazir hote hain aur ye afzal hai.” (Muslim H# 1767)
◉ Aap ﷺ ne farmaya: “Witr ko rat ki akhri namaz banao.” (Bukhari H# 998)
◉ Sayyidna Jabir bin Abdullah (RA) se riwayat hai ki Rasoolullah ﷺ ne Abu Bakr (RA) se poochha ki tum kis waqt Witr ki namaz ada karte ho? Unhone kaha ki Isha ki namaz ke bad rat ke shuruati hisse me. Aap ﷺ ne Umar (RA) se poochha ki tum kab Witr padhte ho? To unhonne kaha ki rat ke akhir pahar. Nabi rahmat ﷺ ne farmaya “Abu Bakr, tumne mazboot kada pakad liya aur Umar, tumne quwwat ko ikhtiyar kiya.” (Ibne Majah H# 1202)
➤ Ab yahan ek sawal ye paida ho sakta hai ki Witr ko der se padhne ki wajah se agar namaz ke beech me Fajr ki Azan shuru ho jaye to kya karna chahiye? Iska jawab me Saudi Arabia ke mashhoor alim, Shaikh Muhammad bin Saleh Usaimeen (rh) farmate hain, “Jab Witr padhte hue Azan shuru ho jaye to namaz mukammal kar leni chahiye, isme koi harj nahi hai.” (Fatawa Islamiyah 1/449)
Witr Me Kitni Rak’ate Padhna Chahiye
Witr me kitni rak’ate hoti hain? Is bare me bhi Hind-o-Pak ki aksariyat yahi samajhti hai ki Witr sirf 3 rak’ato wali namaz hai. Halaki Nabi ﷺ se alag-alag mauqon par Witr ki 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 rak’ate sabit hain.
1 Rak’at Witr
Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaya: “Witr, akhir rat me ek rak’at hai.” (Muslim H# 1757)
Ummul Momineen Aisha (RA) riwayat karti hain ki Rasoolullah ﷺ har 2 rak’at ke bad salam pherte aur ek rak’at Witr padhte. (Ibn-e-Maja H# 1177)
3 Rak’at Witr
Abu Ayyub (RA) riwayat karte hain ki Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaya: “Witr har Musalman par haq hai. Bas jo shakhs 5 rak’at Witr padhna chahe to 5 rak’at padhe, aur jo 3 rak’at Witr padhna chahe to wo 3 rak’at padhe, aur jo 1 rak’at Witr padhna chahe to 1 rak’at Witr padhe!” (Abu Dawood H# 422, Ibne Majah H# 90)
5 Rak’at Witr
Rasoolullah ﷺ rat ko (kul) 13 rak’at padhte aur unme 5 rak’at Witr padhte the (aur un 5 Witron me) kisi rak’at me (Tashahhud ke liye) na baithte magar akhir me. (Muslim H# 1720)
Maloom hua ki agar Witr ki 5 rak’ate padhna ho to 5 rak’ato ke dauran beech me Tashahhud (At-Tahiyyat) ke liye nahin baithe. Balki paancho rak’ate padh kar akhri Qa’da me At-Tahiyyat, Durood aur Dua padhkar salam pherna chahiye. Yani poori 5 rak’ato me sirf ek hi Tashahhud hoga.
7 aur 9 Rak’at Witr
Ek bahut lambi Hadees me Ummul Momineen Aisha (RA), Sahaba (RA) ko Nabi ﷺ ki Witr ki namaz ke bare me batate hue farmati hain, “…Aap ﷺ wuzu karte aur nau rak’at Witr padhte. Inn me aap ﷺ aathween (8th) rak’at ke alawa kisi rak’at me na baithte… Phir salam phere baghair khade ho jate aur nawin (9th) rak’at me baithte aur Allah ka zikr, hamd aur dua karke salam pherte jo hame sunate. Phir jab aap ﷺ ki umr badhi aur jism bhari ho gaya to aap ﷺ saat (7) Witr padhne lage. (Muslim H# 1739)
Is Hadees se pata chala ki 7 ya 9 rak’at Witr me sirf 2 Tashahhud honge. Pehla Tashahhud salam pherne se pehle wali rak’at me aur doosra Tashahhud akhir ki rak’at me jisme salam pherne hai.
Witr Wajib Hai Ya Sunnat?
Witr ke wajib ya sunnat (mu’akkida) hone me ikhtilaf hai. Imam Abu Hanifa (rh) ke nazdeek ye wajib hai. Jamhoor (aksariyat) ke yahan ye sunnate mu’akkida hai, jisme Imam Malik (rh), Shafi’ee (rh), Ahmad (rh), waghairah shamil hain. Yahi bat zyada sahi maloom hoti hai kyun ki Sahaba Kiram (RA) se bhi yahi sabit hai.
◉ Sayyidna Ali (RA) farmate hain ki “Witr ki namaz farz namazo ki tarah wajib nahi balki ye sunnat hai jise Rasoolullah ﷺ ne tumhare liye jari farmaya hai.” (Sunan Nasaai H# 1677, Sunan Tirmizi H# 454)
◉ Abdur Rahman bin Abi Amrah (rh) (tabi’i) ne Ubada bin Samit (RA) se Witr ke bare me sawal kiya to unhonne jawab diya ki “Witr achha amal hai. Ise Nabi ﷺ ne ada kiya aur Musalmanon ne bhi ada kiya hai lekin ye wajib nahi hai.” (Mustadrak Hakim 1/300)
Witr Ko Maghrib Ki Tarah Padhne Ki Manahi
Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaya, “Teen Witr na padho, paanch ya saat Witr padho aur Maghrib ki mushabihat (tarah) na karo.” (saheeh Ibn Hibban H# 2429, Imam Hakim, Zahabi, aur Ibn Hibban (rh) ne ise saheeh kaha)
Maghrib me bhi farz ki 3 rak’ate hoti hain. Isliye agar koi 3 rak’at Witr padhna chahe to usko chahiye ki woh Witr ki 3 rak’ato ko Maghrib ki namaz ki tarah na padhe.
3 Rak’at Witr Namaz Ka Tarika
Upar bayan ki gayi Hadees se pata chala ki teen rak’at Witr ko Maghrib ki tarah nahi padhna hai. Yani jis tarah teen rak’at Maghrib me do Tashahhud hote hain, teen rak’at Witr me do Tashahhud nahi hona chahiye. Agar Witr ki do rak’at padhkar salam phera jaye aur phir ek rak’at padhi jaye to Maghrib ki mushabihat nahi hogi jiski manahi Nabi ﷺ ne ki hai.
Ibne Umar (RA) riwayat karte hain ki Rasoolullah ﷺ (Witr ki) do aur ek rak’at ko salam ke sath juda karte aur ye salam hume sunate the. (saheeh Ibn Hibban H# 2426, Hafiz Ibn Hajar (rh) ne ise qavi kaha hai)
Yani aap ﷺ teen Witr bhi is tarah padhte the ki do rak’at padhkar salam pherte aur phir uth kar teesri rak’at alag padhte. Teen rak’at Witr ka sirf yahi tarika Nabi ﷺ se sabit hai.
Jin riwayaton me ek salam/tashahhud se 3 rak’at Witr padhne ka zikr aya hai, wo sab zaeef hain. Phir bhi agar koi us par amal karna chahe to uski shakl ye hogi ki 3 rak’ate ek sath padhi jaye aur doosri rak’at me Tashahhud ke liye baithe bina seedhe khade ho jaye aur teesri rak’at puri kare aur usme Tashahhud ke liye baithe.
Isi tarah 2 Tashahhud se teen rak’at Witr padhne wali marfu’ (yani Nabi ﷺ ki taraf mansub) riwayaten gardhi hui hain. (Al-Istia’ab 4/471)
Bakr bin Abdullah (rh) (tabi’i) farmate hain “Beshak Abdullah ibn Umar (RA) ne do rak’at padhi aur salam phera. Phir kaha ‘Meri fulan oontni le aao.’ Phir aap khade hue aur ek Witr padhi.” (Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaiba H# 4806)
3 Rak’at Witr Me Kaun Si Suraten Padhna Chahiye?
Ummul Momineen Aisha (RA) se riwayat hai ki Rasoolullah ﷺ teen rak’at Witr ki pahli rak’at me Sabbi Hisma rabbikal A’ala, doosri me Qul ya ayyuhal kafirun aur teesri me Qul hu Allahu ahad, padhte the. (Tirmizi H# 462, Imam Zahbi aur Ibn Hibban (rh) ne ise saheeh kaha hai)
Witr Namaz Ki Dua
Sayyidna Hasan bin Ali (RA) riwayat karte hain ki Rasoolullah ﷺ ne mujhe kuch kalimat sikhaye jin ko main (Qunoot) Witr me padhta hoon.
“Allahummahdini feeman hadaita wa aafini feeman aafaita wa tawallani feeman tawallayta wa barik li feema a’taita wa qini sharra ma qadayta, innaka taqdi wa la yuqda ‘alayk, wa innahu la yazillu man walaayta, wa la ya’izzu man aadayta. Tabarakta rabbana wa ta’alaait.”
(Tarjuma: “Aye Allah! Mujhe hidayat dekar un logon me shamil farma jinhe tumne hidayat se nawaza hai, aur mujhe afiyat dekar un logon me shamil farma jinhe tumne afiyat bakshi hai, aur jin logon ko tumne apna dost banaya hai, unme mujhe bhi shamil karke apna dost bana le. Jo kuch tumne mujhe ata farmaya hai, usme mere liye barkat dal de aur jis shar aur burai ka tumne faisla farmaya hai, usse mujhe mahfuz rakha aur bacha le. Yaqeenan faisle tum hi karte ho, tere khilaf koi faisla nahin hota, aur jiska tum dost banaya, woh kabhi zaleel nahin ho sakta, aur woh shakhs izzat nahin pa sakta jise tum dushman kahe. Aye hamare rab! Tum (bada) hi barkat wala aur buland-o-bala hai.”)
(Abu Dawood H# 1425, ise Imam Tirmizi H# 464 ke tahat Hasan aur Ibn Khuzaima H# 1095 me saheeh kaha hai)
➤ Dua-e-Qunoot ke bare me Nabi ﷺ se sabit shuda hadeeso me sabse saheeh hadees yahi hai.
◉ Qunoot-e-Witr me ek dua jo Hind-o-Pak me kafi mashhoor hai, yani Allahumma inna nasta’eenuka…, ye dua Nabi ﷺ se saheeh sanad se sabit nahi hai, balki Sayyidna Umar ( RA). se mauqoofan sabit hai (Sunan Kubra Baihaqi 2/211). Yani ye Umar ( RA). ka apna khud ka amal tha. Isliye iska padhna bhi durust hai. Lekin jo dua Nabi ﷺ se sabit hai, usko padhna afzal hai.
◉ Dua-e-Qunoot ke akhir me “Wa sallallahu ‘alan Nabi” padhna bhi saheeh hai. Halanki is bare me Nabi ﷺ ki taraf mansoob riwayat saheeh nahi hai, lekin Ubai bin Ka’ab (RA). ka apna amal sabit hai ki woh dua-e-Qunoot me Nabi ﷺ par durood bhejte the. (Sahi Ibn Khuzaima H# 1100)
◉ Rasoolullah ﷺ dua-e-Qunoot ko rukoo se pehle padhte the. (Nasaai H# 1700, Ibne Majah H# 1182, ise Ibn-e-Turkmani aur Ibn-us-Sakan ne saheeh kaha hai)
◉ Witr me rukoo ke bad Qunoot padhne wali sari riwayat zaeef hain, aur jo riwayat saheeh hain unme wazahat nahi ki aap ﷺ ka rukoo ke bad wala Qunoot, Qunoot-e-Witr tha ya Qunoot-e-Nazila (yani woh dua jo khauf ke waqt padhi jati hai). Lihaza sahi tariqa yahi hai ki Witr me Qunoot rukoo se pehle kiya jaye.
◉ Qunoot-e-Nazila me rukoo ke bad Qunoot padhna masnoon hai aur us dauran dono hathon ko dua ki tarah uthana bhi sabit hai. (Musnad Ahmad 3/137 H# 12429)
Aur isi par qiyas karte hue Qunoot-e-Witr me bhi hath uthana jaiz hai. Lekin hath na uthana behtar hai.
Ek Rat Me Kai Witr Padhne Ki Manahi
Sayyidna Talq bin Ali (RA) ne ek dafa Ramadan me qiyam kiya aur Witr padh liya. Phir apni masjid me gaye to apne sathiyo ko namaz padhai lekin Witr nahi padhai aur kaha maine Rasoolullah ﷺ ko ye farmate suna “Ek rat me Witr ki namaz do dafa nahi hai.” (Abu Dawood H# 1439, Imam Ibn Khuzaima (rh) aur Ibn Hibban (rh) ne saheeh aur Hafiz Ibn Hajar ne Hasan kaha)
Is riwayat se maloom hua ki Witr ke bad nafl padhi ja sakti hain lekin ek rat me do dafa Witr nahi padhna chahiye. Agarche behtar yahi hai ki Witr ko sabse akhir me ada kare.
Witr Ki Qaza
Nabi rahmat ﷺ ne farmaya: “Koi shakhs Witr padhe baghair so jaye ya Witr padhna bhool jaye to use jab yad aye ya jag jaye to woh Witr padh le.” (Abu Dawood H# 1431, Imam Hakim (rh) aur Hafiz Zahabi (rh) ne ise saheeh kaha)
Ye mazmoon, Muhaddis Zubair Ali Zai (rh) ki kitab Hadiyatul Muslimin, Shafiqur Rahman (hz) ki Namaze Nabawi ke sath-sath aur bhi kai jagahon se jama karke tayyar kiya gaya hai.